Almost no "chat with your data" demo answers the key question: whose permissions does the agent query with? How we built a production data agent for a Spanish energy company where every question travels with the user's identity all the way to the lakehouse — one MCP server, three clients (M365 Copilot, Claude, VSCode), and OAuth 2.0 On-Behalf-Of preserving RLS end to end.
In most companies, answering a business question with data takes days: ticket, analyst, query, Excel. How a Spanish energy company cut it to minutes — any employee asks in their own language, from Teams or Claude, and gets the answer with their own permissions. No new passwords, no bypassing governance.
Two Spanish CCGT complexes share the same Endesa/Naturgy ownership split — and produce opposite results under Operación Reforzada. In Barcelona, Naturgy's unit wins; in Cádiz, Endesa's dominates. The difference is geography: mixed clusters reward the operator, uniform clusters reward the location.
Twelve months after the Iberian blackout, the pay-as-bid Spain pays its CCGT fleet for solving day-ahead technical constraints (consumer-side RT3) is €3,870M per year. Three groups absorb 62% of the flow. Iberdrola is the marginal winner (+€152M post vs pre); Endesa, the only major loser (-€100M).
Drilldown to the plant level: post-blackout pay-as-bid for solving technical constraints does not reward all combined-cycles equally. Within the Besós complex in Barcelona, unit 4 (Naturgy) gains €28M while unit 5 (Endesa) loses €71M — same site, two owners, opposite trajectories. The cluster pattern: south (Cádiz/Huelva) all winners, north interior all winners, Mediterranean coast and SE mixed.
Spain's technical-constraints cost (compodem RT3) has multiplied tenfold since 2020. Quantitative analysis over 148 months: Pearson correlation +0.76 with the share of variable generation (PV + wind), controlled for OMIE wholesale price. Corroborated by PwC's February 2026 report on the post-blackout Reinforced Operation.
365-day pre vs 365-day post-blackout comparison across five dimensions: the Iberian power system absorbs the same renewable share, but the cost of technical constraints (compodem RT3) has multiplied by 2.5 and negative-price hours by 4.4 — driven by REE's post-blackout Reinforced Operation.
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